latest articles
In silico identification and gene expression of miR-148a-5p and IL-6 in hypothyroid patient blood samples
by Suthagar
P.,
Puthiya Purayil
A., S., U.,
Parambath
A., K.,
Sekar
D.
Summary: Hypothyroidism, marked by a deficiency in thyroid hormone levels, is a common condition with varying clinical presentations. The diagnosis primarily relies on statistical reference ranges of biochemical parameters, which remains a topic of contention. While manageable, untreated cases can lead to serious consequences. MicroRNAs, small non-coding RNAs, have been implicated in hypothyroidism and other diseases, underscoring their significant role in pathophysiology.
Effects of Imiquimod Application Durations on Psoriasis-like Lesions and Cytokine Expression in Mice
by Tran
P.,
Le
L.,
Le
T.,
Van
T.,
Vu
N.
Summary: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with a complex pathogenesis, prominently involving the IL-17/IL-23 pathway. The imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model is widely utilized for preclinical psoriasis research. This study aims to elucidate the effects of different durations of IMQ exposure on the development and characteristics of psoriasis-like lesions and the underlying changes of related cytokines in mice.
Development of a 3D-printed negative pressure cutter for precise apical resection in neonatal mouse hearts
by Le
M.,-T.,
Pham
T.,-T.,-H.,
Le
T.,-H.,
Phan
Q.,-H.,
Vo
V.,-T.,
Le
N.-B.
Summary: The cardiac cells of neonatal mice, only one day old, exhibit ongoing cell cycle activity for a duration of 14 days following parturition. Their hearts have a strong capacity to replace cardiomyocytes, which disappears in adulthood, in order to respond to injuries sustained during that time. Numerous studies have been conducted to examine the intrinsic regenerative capacity of neonatal mice's hearts following a resection of 1 millimeter from the ventricular apex. However, it should be noted that there is currently a lack of specialized cutting tools designed specifically for this particular field of research. This absence of appropriate instruments may result in challenges when attempting to achieve consistent sample cuts, as human error can introduce variability. Furthermore, it is important to acknowledge that larger cuts may pose a significant risk to the subject's life.
Correlation of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy with Atypical Oral Cellular Changes: A Cytological Study in Cancer Patients
by Abdelmoneim
I.,
Idris
A. A. A.
Summary: Oral cancer is a prevalent global health issue, with chemotherapy and radiation therapy commonly used in its treatment.
Platelet reactivity in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel
by Nguyen
N.,
Nguyen
M.
Summary: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), incorporating aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, is advised for patients experiencing acute coronary syndrome and for those with coronary artery stents, aiming to mitigate the risk of cardiac events attributable to thromboses. Nevertheless, the therapeutic challenge lies within the narrow therapeutic window where either excessive or deficient platelet reactivity (PR) during DAPT can predispose to thrombotic events or hemorrhage, respectively. This underscores the criticality of attaining an optimal PR level throughout the course of therapy. Accordingly, this study was conducted to evaluate PR among Vietnamese patients administered with DAPT, examining the implications for coronary artery disease management. This study aimed to evaluate PR in the context of aspirin therapy, utilizing the VerifyNow system, and to evaluate PR in the context of clopidogrel therapy, also utilizing the VerifyNow system.
Association between Ag-NOR dots and immunohistochemical markers in different grades of breast ductal carcinoma
by Fadil
T., M., A.,
Ellaithi
M., M., H.,
Idris
A. A. A.
Summary: Breast cancer is recognized as a significant health issue in developed countries.
Acquired Platelet Dysfunction with Eosinophilia: A Case Series
by Saidin
N., I., S.,
Min
F., A., N.,
Zulkafli
Z.,
Rahman
W., S., W., A.,
Iberahim
S.,
Hassan
M., N.,
Noor
N. H. M.
Summary: Acquired platelet dysfunction with eosinophilia (APDE) is characterized by a temporary impairment in platelet function accompanied by significant eosinophilia. This condition, also known as "non-thrombocytopenic purpura with eosinophilia," primarily affects children in the South-East Asian region, presenting as a bleeding disorder.
Reduction of Apoptotic Gene Expression by Platelet-rich Plasma in a Mouse Model of Premature Ovarian Failure
by Manshadi
E., D.,
Rezvani
M., E.,
Hassanpour
A.,
Mehrgerdi
F., Z.,
Lotfi
M.
Summary: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been proposed as a therapeutic intervention for regenerating impaired ovarian tissue and improving outcomes in women with premature ovarian failure (POF). One characteristic of POF is the upregulation of proapoptotic genes such as P53 and Caspase3, which lead to the apoptosis of granulosa cells and monocytes. This study aims to evaluate the effects of PRP on reducing the expression of P53 and Caspase3 genes.
Hydroethanolic Leaves Extract of Amaranthus Cruentus Protects Against Lead-Induced Hepatorenal Toxicity in Rats
by Otabil
J.,
Larbie
C.,
Ossei
P., P., S.,
Genfi
A. K. A.
Summary: Liver and kidney disorders are of substantial concern in global health, posing significant challenges due to the unwanted side effects often associated with conventional treatment drugs. The exploration of natural antioxidants for their management has garnered attention due to the potential for fewer side effects. This study focuses on the protective effects of Amaranthus cruentus hydroethanolic leaf extract (HE) against lead-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats, aiming to provide a safer alternative in managing these conditions.
Sclerosing Osteomyelitis of Jaw – A Case Series and Literature Review
by Gopal K
S.,
Chandran
N.,
Ramesh
S.,
Ravi
P.
Summary: Osteomyelitis, a serious condition marked by inflammation of the medullary cavity, Haversian system, and adjacent bone cortex, requires urgent medical attention, especially when it involves the jaw. This condition is particularly concerning due to its potential to cause significant facial disfigurement and the increased risk of the infection spreading to the skull base or fascial spaces of the head and neck. Among the facial bones, the mandible is more commonly affected by osteomyelitis than the maxilla. This discrepancy is attributed to the anatomical and physiological differences between these bones; the maxilla benefits from a rich collateral blood flow and possesses a thin cortical bone, both of which reduce its vulnerability to infections. In this case series, we present three cases of osteomyelitis in patients who had underlying debilitating conditions such as diabetes mellitus and deleterious habits, which acted as predisposing factors for the development of the disease. These cases highlight the complex interplay between systemic health issues and the susceptibility to localized bone infections. The first two cases involve a patient with poorly controlled diabetes, emphasizing how chronic hyperglycemia can impair immune function and compromise healing, thereby facilitating the onset and progression of osteomyelitis. The third case features a patient with a history of tobacco use, illustrating the detrimental impact of deleterious habits on vascular health and immune response. In addition to detailing these cases, this series provides an overview of the current understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment strategies for osteomyelitis. Treatment typically involves a combination of surgical debridement, antimicrobial therapy, and management of underlying conditions to enhance immune function and promote recovery.
Impact of Anthropometric and Genetic Factors on Plasma SIRT1 Level in Men with Essential Hypertension and Heart Failure
by Leonidivna
S.,
Oleksandrovych
D.,
Vyacheslavivna
M.,
Mykolayovych
Z.
Summary: Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) emerges as a promising biomarker for heart remodeling in the context of essential arterial hypertension (EAH). Additionally, the levels of certain plasma peptides might signal myocardial fibrosis and the progression of heart failure (HF) in hypertensive patients. Despite this potential, conflicting data exist regarding the marker's diagnostic value in HF patients. This study aims to explore the impact of anthropometric factors on plasma SIRT1 levels in men diagnosed with EAH and HF, considering the rs7069102 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the SIRT1 gene.
Assessing LDL Cholesterol Management and Statin Use in Diabetic Patients: Disparities and Outcomes in a Vietnamese Tertiary Hospital Setting
by Nguyen
S.,
Nguyen
D.,
Dang
V.,
Doan
B.,
Dinh
B.,
Nguyen
T.,
Nguyen
C.,
Pham
D.
Summary: The control of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a critical concern, especially for patients with diabetes, where the use of statins is essential. Despite this necessity, actual treatment practices and the achievement of LDL cholesterol targets are often suboptimal. This study aimed to assess the rate of LDL cholesterol goal attainment and examine statin prescribing habits within the cardiology and endocrinology departments of a tertiary hospital in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Harnessing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Against Gastric Cancer: Charting the Course to Expanded Therapeutic Benefit
by Chung
D.,
Tung
D.,
Dung
T.
Summary: Cancer immunotherapy has become a groundbreaking approach in treatment, with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) showing exceptional success in blocking the pathways that tumors use to escape immune detection. This review delves into the clinical significance and predictive power of ICIs in the treatment of gastric cancer. It introduces ICIs, explaining their mechanisms of action, reviews key findings from critical trials, and discusses the role of programmed death ligand-1 (PDL1) testing as a potential biomarker for selecting suitable patients. The review also addresses the limitations of PD-L1 testing, while highlighting emerging predictive markers and ongoing research aimed at discovering novel biomarkers, optimizing therapeutic combinations, characterizing the tumor microenvironment, and understanding mechanisms of resistance to therapy. This effort to optimize ICIs aims to extend their significant clinical benefits to a larger group of patients with gastric cancer. In summary, this review provides specialists with an updated overview of the advancements in employing immunotherapy against gastric cancer and outlines the path towards enhancing patient outcomes through continuous research and the refinement of biomarkers.
Autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells transplantation showed potential benefits for type 2 diabetes mellitus Filipino patients: a case series
by Guzman
M., S., A. D.,
Apelado
M., P., B.
Panuelos
J., P.
Heralde III
F., M.
Relacion
P., R.
Bilbao
A., B.
Tan-Liu
N., S.
Barzaga
M. T. A.
Summary: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a serious metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Long-standing T2DM may lead to various macro- and microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy. Currently available treatments for T2DM target high plasma glucose levels but do not address T2DM-associated complications. In this report, the therapeutic application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) transplantation in improving diabetic blood monitoring parameters among selected T2DM patients was investigated.
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